History and Information (2023)

From the Shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon one feels Heaven embracing the Earth and laying it in the Heart of Mary. There, Mary shines a glow around dark hearts, transforming a tiny place like Harissa into a refuge for the penitent, a comfort for the sorrowful, a way for wanderers, a guide, and an oasis where weary souls can rest.

The word harissa comes from the word haras, which in Arabic and Hebrew means a sharp blade, knife, any cutting tool, or even a clean edge. And this corresponds to the nature of the hill on which the village stands, baptized "Roueiss" by its inhabitants. Therefore, some historians believe that the ancient Semitic word harissa means roueiss in Arabic, a high and steep hill.
Overlooking Jounieh Bay, the sanctuary was built on a 350-hectare site 650 meters above sea level and 26 kilometers north of Beirut in the Mohafazat of Mount Lebanon. As it borders the village of Daroun, it is part of the Kesrwan house. It is also close to Bkerke, the seat of the Maronite Patriarchate. It is famous for its greenery, the variety of its trees, the abundance and purity of its springs. It's the door to paradise...

On the occasion of the fiftieth commemoration of the dogma of the "Immaculate Conception" proclaimed by His Holiness Pope Pius IX in 1854. was proclaimed, His Beatitude the Maronite Patriarch Elias Hoayek and the Apostolic Nuncio Carlos Duval decided to erect a religious monument to commemorate this event.
According to Father Henri Jalabert sj, Lucien Cattin, then chief priest of the Jesuits in the Middle East, suggested erecting a large statue of the Virgin that could be seen from afar, which would illustrate the Lebanese people's devotion and attachment to Mary.
After the Patriarch and Nuncio consulted bishops, priests, monks and lay people, the Shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon was baptized and the project started.

After consultation with engineers who were authorities in the area, a site on the hill of Harissa called "the rock" was chosen for the construction of the sanctuary, and the implantation phase was completed. Committees began raising funds to carry out the project. The generosity of the Lebanese people reflected their love for Mary.
After negotiations, Mr. Francis Yaacoub sold the land to the Patriarchate for the symbolic sum of fifty Ottoman pounds.
The foundation stone was laid in October 1904, but work was interrupted for various reasons; One was the fear that the earth would not be able to support a monument of this size.
In 1907 Patriarch Hoayek and Mons. Fridiano Giannini, the new Apostolic Nuncio, resumed work and made some adjustments to the project, such as expanding the west side of the sanctuary.
To ensure that construction was carried out properly, a deed was signed in 1906 with a contractor as the first party and the experienced master craftsman Ibrahim Makhlouf (of Ain el Rihaneh) as the second party. The statue was erected in 1907.
It is good to remember that Father Chucrallah Khoury, Superior of the Lebanese Maronite Missionaries, was the Patriarch's right hand in directing and implementing the project from the very beginning. He was elected Father Superior of the Congregation after the election of Father Youssef Moubarak as Bishop of the Diocese of Saida.
With the help of the Apostolic Herald, and in particular Father Pere, Secretary of the Herald, and Cattin, Father Superior of the Jesuits, the Patriarch managed to overcome the financial problem - arising from the scale and cost of the project - by writing a letter to the "Wakfs" Maronites and charities asking them to pay a pre-agreed amount to be collected by Father Chucrallah Khoury.
The construction of the sanctuary and the statue cost about 50,000 French francs in gold, donated by the faithful; including a French woman who wished to remain anonymous and made a contribution of 16,000 francs. The land was offered by the Maronite Patriarch and Nuncio.
In accordance with his last wish, Bishop Duval's body was transferred from Beirut to the Shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon. On the western wall of the sanctuary is a marble plaque engraved with the story of the event in Latin, in gratitude for Duval's love for the Virgin and his passion for her sanctuary in Lebanon.

In order to erect such a monument, a pharaonic decree (decree of the sultan) had to be issued, which declared the approval of the then ruling Ottoman authorities. Mount Lebanon “Mutassaref”, Mouzher Bacha, sent a telegram asking for Istanbul's approval and, almost miraculously, received a positive reply only a few hours later.
In early 1908 the shrine and pedestal for the statue were executed under the supervision of Father Chucrallah Khoury, who was officially appointed by the Patriarch to be in charge of the project. Shortly thereafter, the statue of Our Mother Mary was erected, whose inauguration took place on May 3, the first Sunday of that month.
At 10:00 a.m. Mons. Giannini began the opening ceremony with prayers and then blessed the shrine and statue, giving thanks to God for a feat that would nourish and develop royal faith. The devout gathering was informed of His Holiness Pope Pius X's message to extend heavenly blessings to all who have contributed to the implementation of the project or to those present at the opening ceremony.
Among the guests were Lebanese Brigadier Barbar Beik El Khazen, Representative of Mount Lebanon "Moutassaref" Youssef Franco Bacha and His Excellency Habib Beik Bitar, "Ca'im-macam" of Caza de Kesrwan, as well as a large crowd of faithful and visitors .
The ceremony was followed by Holy Mass, celebrated by Patriarch Hoayek, Bishops, Superiors General, representatives of Eastern and Western Church communities and many priests.
During his homily, the Patriarch highlighted the Lebanese people's love and devotion to Mary, asking for her protection and tireless intercession. At the end of the Mass he led a solemn procession through the sanctuary carrying the icon of the Blessed Virgin. He declared the first Sunday of May to be the Feast of Our Lady of Lebanon.

Administration of the sanctuary
After the opening ceremonies, as mentioned in Article 4 of the charter registered at Bkerke on January 18, 1907, the Maronite Patriarch and Apostolic Nuncio officially entrusted the administration of the Shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon through its Superior General to the Lebanese Maronite Missionaries, Fuss. Youssef Moubarak, at the Enunciator's headquarters in Harissa.
It was not long before additional land was acquired to improve the facilities dedicated to the service of the faithful and visitors, and gradually the sanctuary became what it is today, an international place of worship.

Under the statue of Mary, the Mother of God, an 8 x 8 m chapel was built with a capacity for 100 people. It was designed by the famous French architect Gio.
Next to the square stone altar stands the wooden statue of Mary, Mother of Light (who toured almost all Lebanese cities in 1954). A cedar and bunches of grapes are engraved in the center of the tabernacle. The stained glass windows are decorated with the symbols of the consecrated host, grapes and ears of wheat.
The seven-part bronze statue of Our Lady of Lebanon is 8.5 m high and 5 m in diameter; it weighs 15 tons and is painted white for added splendor and splendour. It was made in Lyon (France) under the supervision of Mr. Durenne, who escorted him to the port of Beirut at the end of July 1906.
The 20 meter high base of the statue has the shape of a tree trunk carved from natural stone. The lower diameter is 64 m and the upper one is 20 m. A staircase of 104 steps was built to reach the top of the statue. (A drawing of the statue and its pedestal by the famous painter Daoud Corm is kept in the basilica.)

In 1956, a tent made of plastic and wood was erected on the west side of the entrance to the Shrine to receive the increasing number of believers and visitors to Mass, especially in the month of May.
As a result, on the occasion of the sanctuary's golden jubilee, it was decided to build a larger church to accommodate the large crowd of worshipers.
On May 31, 1970, the cornerstone of the future basilica was laid by His Beatitude the Maronite Patriarch Paul-Pierre Meouchy in the presence of the then Lebanese President Charles Helou and his Prime Minister Rachid Karame, ministers and deputies, Orthodox and Catholic bishops and numerous faithful .
From the beginning, Patriarch Meouchy entrusted the management and execution of the basilica to the Lebanese Maronite missionaries through his superior, Father Sassine Zeidan. He was assisted by an Executive Committee formed in late 1968 after a meeting between Patriarch Meouchy and Father Sassine Zeidan.
This commission was composed of Father Sassine Zeidan (President), Lebanese Missionary, Father Youssef Andary, Architect Adib Sader (Secretary), Pharmacist Cesar Chalhoub, Engineer Emile Kayssar (Director General of the Ministry of Public Works), Joseph Salhab (Director General of the Ministry of Tourism), Architect François Chemaly (Mayor of the Municipality of Daroun-Harissa) and Fouad Boulos (President of the Harissa Teleferic Council).
This committee worked to secure the informational, financial, architectural, and logistical aspects of the project in order to begin construction. Architects were invited for detailed drawings and plans.

In order to select the best project, Patriarch Meouchy and Nuncio Alfredo Bruniera set up an arbitration commission composed of the Nuncio himself, Father Sassine Zeidan representing Patriarch Meouchy and five important architects: Georges Maroun, President of the Order of Engineers and Architects, Henri Eddé , former President of the Order of Engineers and Architects, Mitri Nammar, Director of the Urban Design Department, and two other French architects.
After dropping two of the four projects and hesitating between the proposals of either José Husseini or Pierre Khoury, the commission voted four to three in favor of the latter.

The work continued uninterrupted even in the most difficult moments. After the initial leveling of the site, the foundations were completed in June 1971, the walls and esplanade were erected, and the rest of the work continued.
Engineer Louis Cordahi did some of the work, but most of it was done by Engineer Mouin Aoun and his team, who—armed with faith and perseverance and on behalf of Father Paul Najm, the Superior General of the Missionaries—managed to build a skyscraper build a ceiling in the shape of a Phoenician boat with curved beams 64 m long. To execute this piece, the engineers had to consult two French companies: one to oversee the assembly of the scaffolding and another to help design and assemble the huge front glass façade.

Algeria

Our Lady of Africa, Algiers

Andorra

Our Lady of Meritxell

Argentina

Our Lady of Lujan, Lujan, Province of Buenos Aires

Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás, San Nicolás de los Arroyos

Unsere Liebe Frau von Itatí, Itatí, Corrientes

Australia

St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney

Shrine of Our Lady of Yankalilla, South Australia

Shrine of Our Lady of Mercy, Penrose Park, New South Wales

Shrine of Our Lady Help of Christians, Canungra, Queensland

Austria

Maria Plain Basilica, Bergheim, Salzburg

Maria Schmolln, district of Braunau am Inn, Upper Austria

Maria Taferl, district of Melk, Lower Austria

Mariatrost Basilica, Graz, Styria

Basilika Mariazell, Mariazell, Steiermark

Marienbasilika Absam, Absam, Tirol

Belgium

Our Lady of Banneux in Banneux, Liège

Our Lady of Beauraing in Beauraing, Namur

Holy Virgin in Halle, Flemish Brabant

Our Lady of Lourdes in Oostakker, East Flanders

Our Lady of Scherpenheuvel, Flemish Brabant

Basilica of Our Lady, Tongeren, Limburg

Our Lady of Tongre, in Tongre-Notre-Dame, Hainaut

Bolivia

Basilica of Our Lady of Copacabana, Copacabana

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Our Lady of Medjugorje in Medjugorje, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Our Lady of Olovo in Olovo

Brazil

Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida, Aparecida

You have

Our Lady of Combermere in Ontario

Shrine of the Queen of the Holy Rosary in Ajax, Ontario

Church of Our Lady of Czestochowa in London, Ontario

Notre Dame du Cap in Cap de la Madeleine, Quebec

Chile

Our Lady of Andacollo, Andacollo

China

Our Lady of China in Donglu

The Virgin of Sheshan, Help of Christians in Sheshan

Our Lady of Fortune near Guiyang, China

The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary in Longtian

The Church of Our Lady of Lourdes in Qingyang

Colombia

Our Lady of Las Lajas, Department of Nariño

Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, Department of Boyacá

Costa Rica

Basilica of Our Lady of the Angels, Cartago

Croatia

Our Lady of Marija Bistrica in Marija Bistrica

Our Lady of Trsat in Rijeka

Our Lady of Sinj in Sinj

Our Lady of Voćin and Voćin

Our Lady of Aljmaš in Aljmaš

Our Lady of Gorica and Baška, island of Krk

Our Lady of Remete in Remete

Nossa Senhora de Kloštar em Slavonski Kobaš

Because

Our Lady of Charity, El Cobre, near Santiago de Cuba

Cyprus

Mosteiro Kykkos

Czech Republic

Pilgrimage Basilica of the Visitation, Hejnice

Dominican Republic

Nossa Senhora de Altagracia (Our Beloved Lady of Altagracia),[2] in Higuey, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic.

Ecuador

National Shrine of Our Lady of El Cisne (Our Lady of the Swan)

National Shrine of Our Lady of the Presentation of El Quinche, El Quinche, Pichincha Province

Egypt

our lady of assiut

Our Lady of Warraq

Our Lady of Zeiton, Apparitions of the Virgin Mary in the Coptic Orthodox Church.

France

Ablain Saint Nazaire: Our Lady of Lorette

Agde: Our Lady of the Knees

Albi: Our Lady of Drèche

Amiens: Notre Dame Cathedral

Angoulême: Our Lady of Obezine

Annecy: Basilica of the Visitation

Antras: Our Lady of the Snows

Arras: Our Lady of Burning

Avioth: Our Lady of Avioth

Azay: Our Lady of the Kneeling

Begrolles-en-Mauges: Abadia von Bellefontaine

Bélestat: Our Lady of the Val d'amour

Blois: Our Lady of the Trinity

Boquen: Monastery of Our Lady of the Life-giving Cross

Boulogne-sur-Mer: Our Lady of Boulogne

Cambrai: Our Lady of Cambrai

Chartres: Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres

Châtillon St. Jean (26): Mosteiro de Notre Dame

Clermont-Ferrand: Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral

Clermont Ferrand: Our Lady of Porto

Cotignac

Dému: Shrine of Our Lady of Bernet in Dému

Douvres la Délivrande: Unsere Liebe Frau von Délivrande

Err: Our Lady of Err

Ferrières: Our Lady of Bethlehem

Fontgombault: Abtei Notre Dame

Friesenheim: Notre Dame de Neunkirch

Fronville: Our Lady of the Good News

Grignan: Abbey of Our Lady of Aiguebelle

Honfleur: Our Lady of Graces

Bouchard Island: Our Lady of Prayer

Issoudun: Our Lady of the Sacred Heart

La Blachere: Our Lady of Good Help

La Meilleraye-de-Bretagne: Abadia von Notre-Dame de Melleray

Landevenec: Our Lady of Folgoat

Lanrivain: Our Lady of Guiaudet

La Salette: Our Lady of La Salette

The Trinity: Our Lady of Laghet

Le Folgoet: Our Lady of Folgoet

Le Faou: Our Lady of Rumengol

Laus: Our Lady of Laus

Le Puy-en-Velay

Lescure: Our Lady of the Visitation

Liesse: Our Lady for our joy

Lille: Our Lady of the Espalier

Lourdes: Our Lady of Lourdes

Lyon: Our Lady of Fourviere

Modane: Our Lady of Charmaix

(Video) 25 Most IMPORTANT Events In History

Monaco: Virgin Mary Immaculate

Lure: Notre Dame de Lure lures with a youth camp

Maisnière: Our Lady of the Oak

Marciac: Our Lady of the Cross

Marsan: Our Lady of Peace

Marsanne: Our Lady of Fresneau

Mauriac: Our Lady of Miracles

Monetiers les Bains: Our Lady of Mount Tabor

Montaigut: Our Lady of Aleppo

Montautotour: Our Lady of the Rock

Montfort sur Meu: St. Louis-Marie de Montfort

Montligeon: Our Lady of Montligeon

Myans: Our Lady of Myans

Neuilly: Our Lady of Good Deliverance

Noiretable: Our Lady of the Hermitage

Villefranche-de-Rouergue: Our Lady of the Thirteen Stones

Ollioules: Our Lady of Fortune

Orcival: Our Lady of Orcival

Orleans: Our Lady of Miracles

Paris: The Miraculous Medal, Rue du Bac

Paris: Our Lady of Paris

Paris: Our Lady of Victories

Pellevoisin: "Mary, Mother of Mercy"

Penne d'Agenay: Our Lady of Peyragude

Perros-Guirec: Our Lady of Clarity

Pfaffenheim: Notre Dame du Schauenberg

Phalsbourg: Our Lady of Bonnefontaine

Plancherine: Abbey of Our Lady of Tamié

Plancoet: Our Lady of Nazareth

Pontmain: Notre-Dame de Pontmain

Pugny: Convent of Our Lady of Unity

Quezac: Our Lady of Quezac

Reims: Reims Cathedral

The Testament of Saint Remi

Reiningue: Abbey of Our Lady of Oelenberg

Ribeauville: Our Lady of Dusenbach

Rocamadour: the maiden of majesty

Rodez (La Primaude): Our Lady of Ceignac

Ronchamp: Our Lady seen from above

Rostrenen: Our Lady of the Dornbusch

Holy Canopy: Our Lady of Peace

Florent the Elder: Our Lady of Marillais

Saint Laurent du Pont: Convent of Our Lady of the Burning Bush

Saint-Laurent-les-Bains: Abbey of Our Lady of the Snows

Saint Laurent sur Sèvre: Basilika Saint Louis Marie de Montfort

Saint Martin of Belleville: Our Lady of Life

Saint Omer: Our Lady of Miracles

Auray: Saint-Anne d'Auray

Saint Romain d'Ay: Our Lady of Ay

Sari-Solenzara: Monastery of the Glorious Ascension

Saumur: Our Lady of Ardilliers

Saxony-Sion: Our Lady of Sion

Soligny: Abbey of Trappe

Strasbourg: Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg

Thiezac: Our Lady of Consolation

Thorame: Our Lady of the Flower

Valenciennes: Our Lady of the Holy Cordon

Besses en Chandesse: Our Lady of Vassivière

Venasque: Our Lady of Life

Verdelais: Our Lady of Verdelais

Verdun: Verdun Cathedral

Violot: Our Lady of the Forest (Haute Marne)

Vion: Our Lady of the Oak

Vitreous body: Abbey of Our Lady of Acey

Wissembourg: Notre Dame de Weiler

Deutschland

Marian shrine in Aachen Cathedral. This church, often called Kaiserdom, is a Roman Catholic church in Aachen.

Chapel of Grace in Altoetting, Bavaria. The first miracles attributed to prayer to the Virgin Mary at this shrine are believed to have taken place in 1489.

Chapel of Grace in Kevelaer, North Rhine-Westphalia, location of a "Praise Image" of St. Mary since the Thirty Years' War.

Gibraltar

Our Lady of Europe at Europa Point, the southernmost point in Western Europe. A Marian shrine has stood on the site since 1462.

Greece

Our Lady of Tinos, Tinos island, patron saint of Greece.

Panagia Tripiti, Stadt Aigio, Peloponeso

Autonomous Monastic State of the Holy Mountain, Mount Athos, Greece, Our Lady's Garden is [clarification needed] forbidden to all other women.

holy ground

The Basilica of the Annunciation in Nazareth.

The Church of the Dormition on Mount Zion in Jerusalem.

The Church of the Holy Sepulcher of the Virgin Mary in the Garden of Gethsemane in Jerusalem

The Church of the Milk Grotto of the Virgin Mary in Belém

In the event that

Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes Perambur (Chennai - Tamil Nadu)

Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, Chinnathurai, Tamil Nadu

Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health, Vailankanni, Tamil Nadu

Poondi Matha Bascillica, Poondi, Tamil Nadu

Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, Villianur, Puducherry

Our Lady of Lourdes, Pudur Shrine, Madurai, Tamil Nadu

National Shrine of Our Lady of Salvation, Vallarpadam, Cochin, Kerala

Basilica of Our Lady of Sorrows, Thrissur, Kerala

Basílica de Nossa Senhora das Neves (Manjumatha), Pallipport, Pallippuram, Ernakulam, Kerala

Korattymuthy Our Lady with Poovan Bananas, Shrine of Hail Mary, Koratty, Kerala

Forane Church of St Mary, Chalakudy, Our Lady of Perpetual Help, Chalakudy, Kerala

Basilica of Our Lady of the Snows, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu

Our Lady of Remedies, Vasai, Maharashtra

Church of Our Lady of Bandel, Chinsurah, West Bengal

Nossa Senhora da Areia, Sokkankudieruppu, Tamil Nadu

Our Lady of the Snows Kallikulam (Church of Our Lady of the Snows, Kallikulam), Tamil Nadu

Nossa Senhora de La Salette, Maravapatty Pudur, Salethmatha in Tamil, Tamil Nadu

Shrine of Our Lady of Health, Hyderabad

Our Lady of the Mountain, Bandra-Mumbai (Maharashtra)

Igreja Nossa Senhora de Mahim, Mumbai (Maharashtra)

Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, Seminary Hill, Nagpur (Maharashtra)

Gunadala Marymatha, 'Igreja de Santa Maria', Vijayawada', Andhra Pradesh

Santuario Nirmalagiri Marymatha, Nirmalagiri (Gowripatnam), Andhra Pradesh

Goavari Marymatha-Schrein, Vegeswarapuram, Andhra Pradesh

Santuário Allipalli Mariamatha, Allipalli, Andhra Pradesh

HARIHAR MATHA HEILIGTUM, HARIHAR, KARNATAKA, INDIEN

Church of Santa Maria Meenangadi

Ireland

The Basilica of Our Lady Queen of Ireland in Knock, Ireland

Italy

Basilica Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, Heimat der Ikone Salus Populi Romani

Saint Mary of the Third Millennium at the Three Wells, Rome[5]

Sanctuary and Sacred Mount of Oropa, Biella, Piedmont

Sanctuary of Barbana, Grado, Friuli Venezia Giulia

Sanctuary of Macereto, Monti Sibillini National Park, Marche

Santa Maria in Aracoeli, Rom

Shrine of Our Lady of Bonaria, Cagliari, Sardinia

(Video) 18 Historical Facts You Didn't Know | Random History Facts Ep 8 | PhiloSophic

Our Lady of the Rosary of Pompeii, Pompeii, Campania

Sanctuary of the Holy House, Loreto, Marche

Shrine of Our Lady of Montallegro, Rapallo, Liguria

Sanctuary of Our Lady of Miracles, Motta di Livenza, Veneto

Wallfahrtskirche Santa Maria del Fonte, Caravaggio, Lombardei

Japan

Our Lady of Akita, Akita, Japan

Korea

Church of Our Lady of the Rosary of Gamgok, Gamgok-myeon, Eumseong-gun in North Chungcheong Province

Lebanon

Our Lady of Bechouat, a Marian Shrine in the Beqaa Valley, Lebanon.

Our Lady of Bekaa, a Marian shrine in Zahlé, Lebanon, overlooking the Bekaa Valley.

Our Lady of the Waterfall, a Marian shrine in Jezzine, Lebanon

Our Lady of Lebanon, a Marian shrine in Harissa, Lebanon

Our Lady of Light, a Lady Chapel in Center Ville, Beirut, Lebanon

Monument to Our Lady of Lourdes, Ain Ebel, Lebanon

Our Lady of Mantara, a Marian shrine in Maghdouche, Lebanon

Our Lady of Miziara, Mother of Mercy, Zgharta, Lebanon

Our Lady of Nourieh, a Marian shrine and monastery on Theoprosopon in Hamat, Lebanon.

Our Lady of the Wind, Enfeh, Lebanon

Lithuania

Our Lady of the Gates of Dawn in Vilnius, Lithuania

Pivasiunai, Lithuania

Siluva, Lithuania

Trakai, Lithuania

Žemaičių Kalvarija, Lithuania

Malta

Our Lady of Consecration, Girgenti area, Siġġiewi

Nossa Senhora de Borg in Nadur, Borg in Nadur, Qajjenza, Birżebbuġa

Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Valletta

Former Parish Church of Our Lady of Sorrows, Birżebbuġa

Parish Church of the Annunciation, Tarxien

Parish Church of the Annunciation, Balzan

Parish Church of the Immaculate Conception, Ħamrun

Pfarrkirche Maria Regina, Marsa

Pfarrkirche Mount Carmel, Fgura

Mount Carmel Parish Church, Flower of Light, Birkirkara

Parish Church of Monte Carmelo, Island

Mount Carmel Pfarrkirche, Balluta Bay, St. Julian's

Parish Church of Our Lady of Fatima, Guardamangia, Pietà

Parish Church of Our Lady of Loreto, Ghajnsielem

Parish Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, Paola

Parish Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, San Ġwann

Parish Church of Our Lady of Porto Salvo, Valletta

Parish Church of Our Lady of Sorrows, St Paul's Bay

Pfarrkirche Sacred Heart of Mary, Burmaradd

Pfarrkirche St. Marien, Dingli

Igreja Paroquial de Santa Maria, Għaxaq

Pfarrkirche Santa Maria, Gudja

Pfarrkirche Santa Maria, Mġarr

Parish Church of Our Lady Star of the Sea, Sliema

Roundabout of Santa Maria, Mosta

St. John's Church Marien, Mqabba

Pfarrkirche St. Marien, Qrendi

Pfarrkirche St. Marien, Birkirkara

Pfarrkirche St. Maria, Attard

Parish Church of the Immaculate Conception, Ħamrun

Parish Church of the Immaculate Conception, Ta' L-Ibrag

Parish Church of Our Lady of Pompey, Marsaxlokk

Church of Our Lady of Angels, Baħar i-hàgàc, Naxxar

Church of Our Lady of Liesse, Valletta

Church of Our Lady of Mensija, Mensija, San Juan

Church of Our Lady of Mercy, Bir id-Deheb

Church of Our Lady of Montserrat, Birgu

Church of Our Lady of Good Counsel, Żejtun

Church of Our Lady of Victory, Birkirkara

Church of the Immaculate Conception, Msida, Malta

Kapelle der Unbefleckten Empfängnis, Bengģisa, Birżebbuġa

Igreja de Santa Maria de Bubaqra, Żurrieq

Igreja de Santa Maria de Ħal-Muxi, Zebbu

Church of Our Lady of Filfla, Filfla Island near Żurrieq

Church of Our Lady of Girgenti, Siġġiewi

Church of Our Lady of the Stone, Gzira

Church of Our Lady of Herb, Birkirkara

Church of Our Lady of Payments, Qormi

Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Mdina

Church of Our Lady of Miracles, Lija

Church of Our Lady of Samra, Hamrun

Church of Nossa Senhora das Neves, Delimara [disambiguation needed]

Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, Blata l'Bajda

Church St. Mary of Pay, Zejtun

Shrine of Our Lady of Ghar, Rabat

Shrine of Our Lady of Pinu, Gharb, Gozo

The Shrine of Our Lady of Mellieħa in Mellieħa

Kirche Maria Child, Senglea

Igreja de Maria Bambina, Naxxar

The Shrine of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Cospicua

The Shrine of Our Lady of Graces, Żabbar

Church of Maria Bambina Imtahleb - Victoria

Church of the Unreflected Empty - A Conceição L/O Rabat

Church of the Immaculate Conception - Palazzo Gomerino L/O Rabat

Church of; Santa Maria Valley Virtu', Victoria

Church of; Santa Maria (Ta Duna) Victoria

Church of the Annunciation (The Annunciation) Victoria

Church of the Nativity of; Maria (da Cruz) Vitoria

Church of the Nativity of Our Lady (Ta' Qasha') Victoria

Church of Santa Maria de Jesus (Ta'Giezu) Victoria

Malaysia

Chapel of Our Lady of Good Health (Annai Vailankanni) Kampung Pandan Kuala Lumpur

Mexico

The Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico City, Mexico

Basilika von San Juan de los Lagos in San Juan de los Lagos, Jalisco, Mexiko

Basilica of Our Lady of Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco

Montenegro

Our Lady of the Rocks, Perast

Netherlands

Our Lady of the Sea Star, Maastricht

Our Lady Sweet Mother, 's-Hertogenbosch, St. John's Cathedral

Our Lady of Handel, Handel

The Lady of All Nations, Amsterdam

Our Lady Riches of Delights, Oirschot

Basilica of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, Sittard

Our Lady in Peril, Heiloo

Our Lady of the Closed Garden, Warfhuizen

Our Lady under the Limes, Uden

Our Lady of Ommel, Ommel

Our Lady under the Limes, Espinho

Our Lady of Friesland, Schalkhaar

Nossa Senhora de Oud Zevenaar, Oud Zevenaar

(Video) MUGHAL सुल्तानों का पूरा इतिहास History of The Mughal Sultanate

Our Lady of Bolsward, Bolsward

Our Lady of Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden

Our Lady ter Weeghe, Haastrecht

Our Lady of the Sands, Roermond

Our Lady of Schilberg, Royal

Our Lady of Haarlem, Haarlem

Our Lady of Elders, IJsselstein

Our Lady in the Oak, Meerveldhoven

Nossa Senhora de Aarle-Rixtel, Aarle-Rixtel

Nicaragua

Saint Francis of Cuapa

Leon Cathedral (Nicaragua)

Pakistan

National Marian Shrine, Mariamabad

Filipinas

Virgin of the Remedies of Pampanga, Patroness of Pampanga, Archdiocese of Pampanga, Archdiocese of San Fernando, San Fernando, Pampanga

National Shrine of Our Lady of Covadonga, Our Lady of Covadonga, Queen of the Holy Trinity Rosary, (Parochial Church of San Jose, Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet)

Our Lady Mary Mediatrix of All Graces, Carmelite Monastery Church, Lipa City, Batangas

The Shrine of Our Lady of Caysasay Archdiocese, Taal, Batangas

The Small Basilica of Our Lady of the Visitation of Piat, Piat, Cagayan

Small Basilica of Our Lady of Peñafrancia, City of Naga, Camarines Sur

Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Salvation, Joroan, Tiwi, Albay

Small Basilica of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Malolos, Bulacan

Shrine of Mary Queen of Peace (EDSA Shrine), Mandaluyong City

Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Manila

Archbishop's Shrine of Our Lady of Loreto, Sampaloc, Manila

Shrine of the Archdiocese of Nuestra Señora de Guia, Hermitage, Manila

Our Lady of Peñafrancia de Manila, Paco, Manila

Basilica of Our Lady of Manaoag, Manaoag, Pangasinan

National Shrine of Mary Help of Christians, Allotment Viver Melhor, City of Parañaque

National Shrine of Our Lady of Perpetual Help, Baclaran, City of Parañaque

Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Pasig City

National Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, New Manila, Quezon City

Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Mercy, Novaliches, Quezon City

National Shrine of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of La Naval de Manila (Church of Santo Domingo), Quezon City

National Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, Quezon City

National Shrine of Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage, City of Antipolo, Rizal

Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Aranzazu, San Mateo, Rizal

Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of the Abandoned, City of Marikina

Nossa Senhora do Pilar, Fort Pilar, Stadt Zamboanga, Zamboanga, Südafrika

National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima, Marulas, City of Valenzuela

Our Lady of Charity, Berg

Assumption, Santa Maria

Our Lady of Good Success, Cathedral Parish of Santo André, Paraná

Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Parish Church, Dasmariñas, Cavite

National Shrine of Our Lady of La Salette, Biga II, Silang, Cavite

Our Lady of Solitude from Porta Vaga, Church of San Roque Cavite City. *Basilica of Our Lady of Charity, Agoo, La Union

Poland

Eine Madona Negra de Częstochowa no Mosteiro de Jasna Góra, Częstochowa, Poland

The Shrine of Our Lady of Lichen in Licheń Stary, Poland

Kodeń, The Shrine of Our Lady of Kodeń, Poland

Różanystok, The Shrine of Our Lady of Różanystok, Poland

Brdów, the Shrine of the Victoriaus of Our Lady of Brdów, Poland

Stoczek Klasztorny, Shrine of Our Lady of Stoczek, Poland

Basilika des Omnimediator All Glory, Niepokalanów

Basilika Maria Himmelfahrt in Krzeszów, Krzeszów, Woiwodschaft Niederschlesien

Marian shrines in Poland

Location

Church

relic or object

bardo

Church of the Visitation of Our Lady. Redemptorists

12th-century sculpture of Our Lady crowned 3 July 1966. (abp Bolesław Kominek)

Bedkow

Church of the Immaculate Conception

Icon of the Będkow Mother of God from the 15th century.

Biechowo

Church of the Immaculate Conception Paulistas

15th-century icon of Our Lady of Joy MB, crowned 12 September 1976. by (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński)

old mud

Church of the Immaculate Conception

16th-century icon of Our Lady, crowned 1977.

Bochnia

Church of Saint Nicholas

Icon of Our Lady from the 15th-16th centuries Century, crowned in 1931.

Borek Stari

Monastery of the Assumption

Painting by MB Borkowska with the child crowned August 15, 1919

Portugal

Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima in Fatima, Portugal

Shrine of Our Lady of Sameiro in Braga, Portugal

Shrine of Our Lady of Lapa in Sernancelhe, Portugal

Shrine of Our Lady of Good Health, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal

Romania

Shrine of the Comforter of the Afflicted Mary, Șumuleu Ciuc

Russia

Igreja Fjodorowskaja, Jaroslawl

Rwanda

Shrine of Our Lady of Sorrows, Kibeho

Slovakia

Marianka, Distrito de Malacky

Serbia

Đunis Monastery, Đunis, Central Serbia

Mosteiro de Krušedol, Fruška Gora, Provinz Vojvodina

Kloster Studenica, Zentralserbien

South Africa

Fort Marian Sanctuary, KwaZulu-Natal

Slovenia

The national shrine of Mary Help of Christians in Brezje

Virgin Mary with a cloak - the protector of Ptujska Gora

Church of Our Lady of Piety in Zaplaz

Basilica of Saint Mary, Mother of God in Sveta Gora

Basilica of the Visitation in Petrovče

Spain

The Sanctuary of Chandavila, in La Codosera, Extremadura

The Sanctuary of the Black Virgin of Montserrat in Montserrat, Catalonia

The Shrine of Our Lady of Covadonga, in the Picos de Europa, Asturias

The Sanctuary of Santa Maria de Guadalupe in the province of Caceres, Extremadura

The Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar, Zaragoza, Aragon

The Shrine of Our Lady of Rocío, Andalusia

The Basilica and Shrine of Our Lady of Candelaria, Tenerife, Canary Islands

The Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel in Garabandal in the Cantabrian Mountains

The Shrine of Our Lady of Umbe, in Laukiz, near Bilbao, Biscay

(Video) 20 Historical Facts You Didn't Know | Random History Facts Ep 2 | PhiloSophic

The Benedictine Sanctuary of Valvanera in La Rioja

The Basilica of Begoña in Bilbau

Sri Lanka

Basilica of Our Lady of Lanka in Tewatte, Ragama

Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu in Mannar District

Shrine of Our Lady of Matara in Matara

Switzerland

Shrine of Our Lady of Einsiedeln, Einsiedeln

Madonna del Sasso, Orselina

Syria

Monastery of Our Lady of Saidnaya, Saidnaya

Peru

The House of the Virgin Mary in Ephesus, Turkey is said to be the place where Mary was abducted by Saint John and lived until the Ascension

Mary's Church in Ephesus, Turkey, where the Council of Ephesus (the Third Ecumenical Council) was held in 431

Life-giving spring in Istanbul, a famous spring associated with the healing powers of the Theotokos, whose festival is celebrated on the Friday after Easter.

Ukraine

Dzhublyk, Transcarpathian Oblast

Pochayiv Lavra in Ukraine

The Basilica of Most Holy Theotokos in Zarvanytsia, Ukraine


Great Britain

Ladyewell Shrine: St Mary's in Fernyhalgh and Ladyewell - The Shrine of Our Lady and the Martyrs, Fulwood, Lancashire, England

Our Lady of Ipswich in Ipswich, England

Anglican Shrine and Roman Catholic "National Shrine" of Our Lady of Walsingham in Walsingham, England[6]

Shrine of Our Lady of Egmanton in Egmanton, Nottinghamshire, England

Our Lady of the Candle in Cardigan, Wales

Shrine of Our Lady of Caversham near Reading in Berkshire

Shrine of Our Lady, Bradstowe

Shrine of Our Lady in Penrhys, Wales

Shrine of the Miraculous Relic Image of Our Lady of Guadalupe, the Child Jesus and St Joseph's Catholic Church, Bedford, England

Our Lady of Doncaster in Doncaster, England

Our Lady of Westminster in Westminster Cathedral, London

Anglican Church and Original Shrine of Our Lady of Willesden, Willesden, London

Roman Catholic Church and Shrine of Our Lady of Willesden, Willesden, London

Church and Shrine of Our Lady of the Assumption and St Gregory (also known as 'Church of the Assumption' and 'Warwick Street Church'), London

USA

Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Basilica of the National Shrine of; in Baltimore, Maryland

Shrine and Caves of the Black Madonna, Jefferson County, Missouri

Blessed Virgin Mary, Shrine of; in the Church of the Holy Name of Jesus, San Francisco, California

National Shrine of Maria Santissima Colina, Auxiliadora, Basilica of; in Erin, Wisconsin

Immaculate Conception, Basilica of the National Shrine of; in Washington, D.C

Immaculate Heart of Mary, National Shrine of the Blue Army; in Washington, New Jersey (see Blue Army of Our Lady of Fatima#Blue Army Shrine)

Maria Queen of the Universe Sanctuary, Nationales von Heiligtum; in Orlando, Florida

Necedah Shrine, a forbidden Marian shrine in Necedah, Wisconsin.

Basilica of Our Lady of Consolation and National Shrine in Carey, Ohio

Our Lady of Czestochowa, national shrine of; in Doylestown, Pa

Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima in Franklin Furnace, Ohio

Our Lady of Good Help, Heiligtum von; brown county, wisconsin

Our Lady of Guadalupe, Shrine of; in LaCrosse, Wisconsin

Our Lady of the Island, Heiligtum von; in Manorville, New York

Our Lady of La Salette, National Shrine of; in Attleboro, Massachusetts

Our Lady of Lebanon, National Shrine of; North Jackson, Ohio

Our Lady of Loreto in Goliad, Texas

Our Lady of Lourdes in Emmitsburg, Maryland

Abbey of Our Lady of Lourdes Belmont, Charlotte, North Carolina.http://belmontabbeycollege.edu/about/community/

Our Lady of Lourdes, National Shrine of; in Euclid, Ohio

The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes is located on the grounds of St. Francis, in St. Francis, Wisconsin

The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes is located on the campus of the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana

The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes maintained by the Missionary Association of Mary Immaculate in San Antonio, Texas

Our Lady of Martyrs, Auriesville Shrine, New York (also known as the National Martyrs' Shrine of North America)

Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, National Shrine of; in Perryville, Missouri

Nossa Senhora do Carmo, Nationalheiligtum von; in Middletown, New York

Shrine of Our Lady of Peace in Santa Clara, California

Our Lady of the Emergency Room in New Orleans, Louisiana

Our Lady of the Rocky Mountains in Butte, Montana

The official Our Lady of the Roses, Mary Help of Christians in Bayside, New York

National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows in Belleville, Illinois

Our Lady of Sorrows, Shrine of; in the Rhineland, Missouri

Our Lady of Walsingham für die Episcopal Church, National Shrine for; Grace Church, Sheboygan, Wisconsin

Our Sorrowful Mother, National Shrine of; in Portland, Ore

Queen of the Holy Rosary Memorial Shrine (commemorating military veterans) in LaSalle, Illinois

Santa Maria Cathedral in Miami, Florida

Schoenstatt Marian Shrine in Madison, Wisconsin

Uruguay

Kathedrale Basilica of Our Lady of the Thirty-Three, Florida

Venezuela

The Shrine of Our Lady of Bethany in Miranda State, Venezuela

Our Lady of Coromoto, Guanare, Venezuela

Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, Zulia, Venezuela

Vietnam

Our Lady of La Vang in Quang Tri, Vietnam

Our Lady of Ta Pao in Binh Thuan, Vietnam

Rectors of the Shrine

since 1929 until today

1929 bis 1936

Sport. Francisco Menhem

1936 bis 1942

An. Boulos EL SOKHEN

1942 bis 1945

An. Hanna GHOSEN

1945 bis 1951

Sport. Maroun Andary

1951 bis 1954

An. Boulos EL SOKHEN

1954 bis 1959

Sport. Boutros CHALHOUB & Fr. Elias NOHRA EDDEH

1959 bis 1966

That. Maurice GHATTAS BOUEIZ & Mrs. Elijah NOHRA EDDEH and Mrs. Kamil ANTON

1966 bis 1977

Das. Boulos RENT & Fr. Kamil Anton

1983 bis 1989

Sport. Kamil ANTOUN und Pe. Philippe YAZBECK, Arthur MHANNA, Philippe SEABY

1989 bis 1995

That. Boulos NAJEM and Fr. Younen OBEID, Hannoun Andrews, Kamil Anthony, Maurice Boueiz, Emil Eddeh, Hanni CHLELA, Michel Chebley, Andreh STEPHAN, Elie ANDARY

1995 bis 2001

Sport. Hanni CHLELA and Pe. Boulos NAJEM, Asaad EL BASHA, Ghassan MATTAR, Micehl CHEBLI, Maurice BOUEIZ, Elie ANDARY, Miled SKAYEM, Youhanna charbel BOU ZAKHEM, Jack NKOULAS, Edmond RIZKALLAH, Boulos HABBOUCH, Georges TERES, Georges KEYROUZ.

2001 bis 2004

Fr. Hannoun ANDRAOS and Pe. Georges KEYROUZ, Emile EDDEH, Elias ANDARY, Maroun HAREB, Fady TABET

2004 bis 2007

Sport. Hannoun ANDREWS und Fr. Elias ANDARY, Philippe SEAAYBI, Emile EDDEH, Maroun HAREB, Antoine DERJANI, Sami RACHED, Gaby GEAAGEAA, Chabel HABCI, Youhanna Yechouh ELKHOURY, Sami CHAAYA, Elie ANDRAOS

2007 bis 2013

Sport. Khalil ALWAN & fr. Younen OBEID, Sami RACHED, Antonios BAZOUNY, Saiid IRANY, Youhanna Yechouh EL KHOURY, Elie ANDRAOS

2013 to NOW

fr. Younen OBEID and Pe. Khalil ALWAN, Sami RACHED, Antonios BAZOUNY, Saiid IRANY, Youhanna Yechouh EL KHOURY, Elie ANDARY Habib KALAKECH

FAQs

How do you answer a history question? ›

You will need to identify a key point from a historical issue and provide a relevant explanation in answer to the question e.g. think about using a point of recall and link this with as/because which will then encourage you to provide a relevant explanation linked to answering the question.

What is history answer long answer? ›

History is the study of change over time, and it covers all aspects of human society. Political, social, economic, scientific, technological, medical, cultural, intellectual, religious and military developments are all part of history.

What grade is 60 percent in GCSE history? ›

If a paper is allocated 120 uniform marks, the range of marks allocated to grade B is 84 to 95 (70% to 79% of 120); for grade C, 72 to 83 (60% to 69% of 120).

What does D * mean in A-Levels? ›

This type of qualifications is given a ranked grade, this is because the awarding body recognises that the student has achieved the qualification and recognises highest to lowest levels in performance. The highest-grade being Distinction star and the lowest grade Pass. Possible grades: DS* = Distinction star.

What are the 3 types of history? ›

What are the three main branches of history? Political History: The history of political systems. Social History: The history of people and societies. Economic History: The history of the economies and economic processes.

What is history answer in one sentence? ›

A history is an account of events that have happened in the past.

Why is history important? ›

The Past Teaches Us About the Present

Because history gives us the tools to analyze and explain problems in the past, it positions us to see patterns that might otherwise be invisible in the present – thus providing a crucial perspective for understanding (and solving!) current and future problems.

Why should we study history? ›

Studying history helps us understand how events in the past made things the way they are today. With lessons from the past, we not only learn about ourselves and how we came to be, but also develop the ability to avoid mistakes and create better paths for our societies.

What is the best explanation of history? ›

"History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, art and material artifacts, and ecological markers.

What GCSE 70%? ›

So 70 would be a Grade 6, but 69 would be a Grade 5. The GCSE grade boundaries are now only being released to students on results day, whereas previously they were published in advance.

Is 70% a 7 at GCSE? ›

Grade 7, according to the old system, means scoring a lower grade A. A student who gets grade 7 (lower A) must have scored approximately 70-82 per cent in their examinations. According to the GCSE 2022 grade boundaries, securing grade 7 is considered a pretty decent score.

What GCSE grade is 84%? ›

If a paper is allocated 120 uniform marks, the range of marks allocated to grade B is 84 to 95 (70% to 79% of 120); for grade C, 72 to 83 (60% to 69% of 120).

Is C a failing grade? ›

A grade of C or better is required to earn a Passed; a C- or below will earn a Not Passed grade. A grade of C- may satisfy many requirements (e.g., General Education, elective) but a Not Passed grade will not earn any credit or satisfy requirements.

What does F+ mean in grades? ›

An academic grade given by certain institutions. Slightly better than an F and slightly worse than an E- (or, in most of the US, a D-).

Does E grade mean fail? ›

Passing Grade -The grades O, A, B, C, D, E are passing grades. A candidate acquiring any one of these grades in a course shall be declared as pass. And student shall earn the credits for a course only if the student gets passing grade in that course. F Grade -The grade F shall be treated as a failure grade.

What is word history? ›

Word history seeks to record where those words came from, how they were used, how they were passed to other cultures, and how they are used in modern times. A study of word origins requires an understanding of the parts of words—namely, their pronunciation and grammar usage.

How many people get 12 9s GCSE? ›

Thirteen students achieved 9s in 12 or more GCSEs.

What is history in simple sentence? ›

History is the study of the past – specifically the people, societies, events and problems of the past – as well as our attempts to understand them. It is a pursuit common to all human societies.

What is history in simple words essay? ›

History is the study of past events leading up to the present day. It is a research, a narrative, or an account of past events and developments that are commonly related to a person, an institution, or a place.

Why history is important in our life essay? ›

History gives identity and helps unify people. It gives people a sense of roots and belonging. History teaches people what their forefathers experienced and suffered in the past in order to make their country what it is today. History teaches us about travesties which have occurred in the past, such as the Holocaust.

What is the main point of history? ›

Studying history allows us to observe and understand how people and societies behaved. For example, we are able to evaluate war, even when a nation is at peace, by looking back at previous events. History provides us with the data that is used to create laws, or theories about various aspects of society.

What is history in our life? ›

History is the study of past events. We refer to the past when comparing it with the present times and deduce the changes that have taken place. These actions of the past also shape our future actions. Therefore, history plays a vital role in preparing us for the future.

How many people get a * in A level History? ›

Just 4.9 per cent of pupils received an A* (down from 5.3 per cent last year), while 22.5 per cent got an A or A*, down from 23.5 per cent. For other subjects, visit our main subject tables page.

What percentage is an A * in A level History? ›

If students have over 80% of UMS marks with an average of 90% across A2 modules they are awarded an A*, 80+% is also an A grade, 70-79% offers a B grade, 60-69% is C, 50-59% is D and 40-49% offers you the bottom pass E grade.

How is a * awarded at A level? ›

How is the A* awarded? The A* at A Level is awarded to candidates who achieve a grade A on the A Level overall (80%), and who also achieve at least 90% on the uniform mark scale (UMS) across their A2 units.

Is History the hardest A level? ›

Despite having one of the highest pass rates at A-Level (98.9%), many students claim History is one of the hardest A-Levels, mainly due to the amount of time and effort needed to commit to it.

Is A level History harder than GCSE? ›

A-Level History is much harder than GCSE History – there's more writing, more to remember, and harder content that requires you to be insightful and judicious with every exam question.

Is a 95% grade an A? ›

Thus, an A is a 95, halfway between 90 and 100. An A- is a 91.25, halfway between 90 and 92.5.

Is 95% considered an A+? ›

Common examples of grade conversion are: A+ (97–100), A (93–96), A- (90–92), B+ (87–89), B (83–86), B- (80–82), C+ (77–79), C (73–76), C- (70–72), D+ (67–69), D (65–66), D- (below 65).

Videos

1. History of india | भारत की खोज का अनोखा इतिहास | वास्कोडिगामा की जीवनी
(iTZ HiSToRY)
2. प्राचीन भारत कैसा था ? | 7 Things To Know About Ancient India History | PhiloSophic
(PhiloSophic)
3. Brief history of Information Theory
(Gregory Falkovich)
4. History of Information Age
(Starilazation KD)
5. How GOOD was Noivern ACTUALLY? - History of Noivern in Competitive Pokemon
(False Swipe Gaming)
6. AGRA FORT History/Information in HINDI(Full Guided Tour) | Agra Heritage Tour | Ep-3 | आगरा का किला
(SK Sarvesh official)
Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Arielle Torp

Last Updated: 06/29/2023

Views: 6717

Rating: 4 / 5 (41 voted)

Reviews: 88% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Arielle Torp

Birthday: 1997-09-20

Address: 87313 Erdman Vista, North Dustinborough, WA 37563

Phone: +97216742823598

Job: Central Technology Officer

Hobby: Taekwondo, Macrame, Foreign language learning, Kite flying, Cooking, Skiing, Computer programming

Introduction: My name is Arielle Torp, I am a comfortable, kind, zealous, lovely, jolly, colorful, adventurous person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.